Monday, April 1, 2019

Fixers and transnational crime--Latin America

-Iguazu Falls

 10-26-2017    During his testimony the following day, Bogado reportedly presented 18 pieces of evidence that the back-channel’s goal was to have Argentina provide Iran with nuclear technology or know-how.[3]  Argentina and Iran already had a history of nuclear cooperation before Argentina halted it.
  Infobae reported that Bogado’s testimony included details about shell companies created in Uruguay “to disguise trips, the exchange of information, plans and payments for the nuclear services.”  Bogado also reportedly implicated ex-officials from INVAP, an Argentinian company that focuses on technology and nuclear energy and which holds a close relationship with the Argentine Commission of Atomic Energy (CNEA). Among others, Bogado also implicated Ruben Calabrese, the former director of CNEA.
  Two days after his testimony, Bogado reportedly asserted that D’Elia received money from Iran “to finance Cristina  Kirchner’s presidential campaign” in 2011.[4]   Bogado also asserted that an engineer –whose name was withheld by the court –was the “nexus” between Argentina and Venezuela in facilitating the nuclear technology arrangement with Iran.  The Venezuelan facilitator was reportedly Adan Chavez, brother of ex-president of Venezuela Hugo Chavez….
  Luis D’Elia, a former cabinet member of Kirchner’s administration, who testified on October 19, refused  to answer questions during his hearing.[9]  D’Elia also added that he was “surprised” that he was called to a court hearing given that he said he “never participated in any negotiation” with Iran.  He did not deny that he had traveled to Iran, reportedly four times, but he claimed that “immunity or business was never discussed” during those trips.  http://albertonisman.org/kirchners-day-court-nismans-allegations-government-cover-amia-bombing-finally-heard-argentinas-justice-system/
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1-18-2018   In a May 2013 report, Nisman accused Iran of recruiting and radicalizing members of the local population and creating terrorist networks throughout Latin America, including in Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay, Chile, Colombia, Guyana, Trinidad and Tobago, and Suriname.  His roadmap provided granular details that remain as instructive today as they were when he published the 500-page document.  The State Department affirms that Hezbollah maintains an active presence in the hemisphere to this day.
  Last week, the Department of Justice announced the establishment of the Hezbollah Financing and Narcoterrorism Team.  The initiative builds on prior efforts, including Project Cassandra—a law-enforcement initiative targeting Hezbollah’s drug trafficking and related operations.  http://albertonisman.org/murder-terrorism-prosecutor-alberto-nisman-continues-teach-us/
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  The so-called "fixers" or facilitators of the Iranian regime with Argentina occupied a central role in the framework presented by the prosecutor Alberto Nisman in the denunciation of the cover-up of the government of Cristina Kirchner to Tehran to find the memorandum of the AMIA case.
  Three years after the death of Prosecutor Nisman, an extensive report by the Center for a Safe and Free Society directed by Joseph Humire revealed an exhaustive study of the 40,000 telephone taps on which the denouncement of the deceased Argentine official was based and reached the conclusion that without the presence of the so-called fixers the controversial memorandum between Iran and Argentina would have been shipwrecked.  Not only that:  international analysts consulted for this report reveal that the presence of these facilitators gave them a logistical and economic support to the agreements that Tehran made in several countries of Latin America, including Argentina.
  The document of the Center for a Secure and Free Society entitled "After Nisman", which Infobae agreed to, showed that the network with Iran denounced by Nisman went beyond actors in Argentine politics such as Luis D'Elía, Esteche or Khalil.
  "The fixers are professionals in counterterrorism around the world who are beginning to focus on the convergence between international terrorism and transnational organized crime, within this nexus there is a gray area composed of criminal cells whose primary functions are not to move money, to traffic drugs or exploiting buildings, instead, these cells operate at another very important level of crime and terror, logistics” the report said.
  Security expert Douglas Farah refers to Humire's work that these cells as part of the logistical chain of transnational organized crime and terrorism include local fixers, who are knowledgeable about the terrain and have access to markets or local communities.
  Emanuele Ottolenghi, senior fellow at the Foundation for the Defense of Democracies, told Infobae that " fixers are agents of influence.  They open doors and take advantage of access, they do it for a mix of reasons - ideology, money, or more frequently both, they allow the Iranians to hide behind them, so they give their traffics less visibility, which is why they are very useful.  They have those types practically in every country in Latin America. "
  These local fixers are limited to specific cities or countries and are complemented by superfixers, who move between countries and regions. The final link in the logistics chain are the "facilitators", who according to Farah are responsible for the material transfer of illicit products.
  Who and how did these fixers operate according to Nisman's complaint?
  The report of the Center for a Safe and Free Society stressed that "within this operational framework, Mohsen Rabbani can be considered the most important facilitator between Iran and Argentina, a role he established more than thirty years ago."  Nisman highlighted Rabbani's role as a facilitator when he documented his conversations with several local fixers in Argentina while secretly negotiating with government officials prior to the official Memorandum agreement.
  In the study of the 40,000 telephone taps that Nisman had made, Rabbani's role as "a facilitator working behind the scenes" stands out.  And they detail listeners with Jorge Alejandro "Yussuf" Khalil, general secretary of the At-Tauhid Mosque in the Floresta neighborhood whom Nisman described as the local link for the Islamic Republic of Iran in Argentina and often had a greater influence than the Iranian diplomats in Buenos Aires.
  According to Humire's report, in a hearing on February 27, 2013, one month after the Memorandum was signed and the day on which the National Congress voted to ratify the agreement, Yussuf demonstrates his loyalty to Rabbani when he states:  “We will defend you [Rabbani] in Congress, in prison, outside and everywhere, God willing, because we are the same, you and this community, we are all the same ... ".
  In an earlier segment of the same conversation, there is more evidence of Rabbani's key role as a facilitator while trying to mobilize the Argentine operatives inside and outside of Iran through the use of different types of visas.  Nisman identified other local fixers and accused them of working behind the scenes to develop a criminal cover-up. Among these were Luis D'Elía, and Andrés "El Cuervo" Larroque who, according to the complaint, served in important functions as local fixers since each one has access to different elements of the Argentine government.
  In addition to Yussuf, the other fundamental character as a local fixer in Nisman's denunciation is Fernando Esteche, the leader of the Revolutionary Patriotic Movement-Quebracho. "It could be said that Esteche is the most important node in this clandestine network because it maintains direct lines of communication with both governments (Iran and Argentina) and is connected with other nations within the Bolivarian Alliance of the Americas (ALBA)," he says.  -the report of the Center for a Free and Fair Society.
  On the other hand, in the work directed by Humire it was highlighted that "the link between these local fixers and the Iranian network in the rest of the continent comes to fall into superfixers , who have contacts in several countries including Iran itself".
  In his complaint, Nisman calls Abdul Karim Paz the "right hand" of Mohsen Rabbani and his successor at the At-Tauhid mosque in Buenos Aires.  Nisman identifies Karim Paz as the point of contact for Yussuf and Esteche in Iran. However, the report revealed by Humire points out that by reviewing the eavesdropping it becomes clear that his brother-in-law Suhail Assad has a closer relationship with Yussuf Khalil, his cousin.
  This is clear in a conversation of both (Suhail and Yussuf) on June 4, 2013 in reaction to an article published by Infobae America, which cites a testimony before the US Congress of former US ambassador Roger Noriega alleging that Suhail Assad is prominent character of Iran and Hezbollah service in Latin America.  In the conversation it is clear that Yussuf wanted to defend his cousin (Suhail) but received "orders from above" in Iran that "it is not worth" to respond because they are in " a historic moment for relations between Argentina and Iran  "
  As superfixers both, Abdul Karim Paz and Suhail Assad have a close relationship with Mohsen Rabbani and also connect with other facilitators members of the Revolutionary Guard or Pasdaran of Iran, according to the Humire report.
  In addition to Rabbani, the other important Iranian facilitator working behind the scenes with the governments of Argentina and Iran is Heshmatollah Rahnema, referenced only once in Nisman's denunciation as an Iranian businessman.   However, the work of the Center for a Just and Free Society highlighted that "the Argentine intelligence identified Heshmatollah Rahnema, or Heshmat, during the investigation of the AMIA as a possible member of the Pasdaran.  Nisman did (say) that Heshmat was the one driving Yussuf Khalil and Fernando Esteche giving instructions and guidance regarding who to contact and how to communicate with officials from Iran and Argentina.  In a conversation with Yussuf on May 14, 2013, for example, Heshmat instructed To Yussuf on how to contact the Argentine Foreign Ministry.  it is clear from the wiretaps that Heshmat has connections with the Iranian industry. "
  Most local fixers depend on different sources of money to maintain their lifestyle, as well as their information networks, according to the Humire report.  Thus when the announcement about the Memorandum approached, Yussuf began working with several partners to capitalize on the commercial opportunities that this agreement implied, among which the oil industry stands out.
  In his 2015 complaint, Nisman said the desire for Iranian oil was a major incentive for the Argentine government to negotiate with Iran.  Nisman specifically mentioned D'Elía when he made reference to a conversation with Yussuf on May 20, 2013: "... I spoke with Julio [de Vido] there ... there is a real energy crisis here ... they are ready to send the YPF people to go and negotiate there [Iran] ... he [Julio de Vido] is very interested in changing theirs for grains and meat ... ", said the piquetero leader.
  Nisman cited another conversation as evidence that Rabbani was engaged in secret negotiations that were parallel to the official Memorandum.  "Based on the eavesdropping, it is clear that Rabbani was passing information to the former Minister of Planning, Julio de Vido," says the report that made a detailed study of the eavesdropping.
  For Otto llenghi, "Nisman's reports are the essential and indispensable basis of any research on the subject of Iran and Latin America because they are the most detailed and comprehensive studies we have to date, they are very important and revealing, and they have a very strong base of facts and evidence to prove the bad intentions of the Iranians behind their activities in the region."  Thus for the director of the Foundation for the Defense of Democracy, "we must consider the last report on the memorandum as a document of great credibility and importance."    
  Nisman intended to reveal how the Argentine government was dealing with the Iranian regime to essentially kill the AMIA investigation, and at this moment someone killed him. “  https://translate.google.com/translate?hl=en&sl=es&u=https://www.infobae.com/politica/2018/01/18/el-verdadero-rol-de-los-fixers-entre-iran-y-la-argentina-que-denuncio-nisman/&prev=search
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9-12-2008     Much of the evidence against the three designated Venezuelans:  Hugo Armando Carvajal (head of military intelligence); Henry de Jesus Rangel (director of intelligence); and Ramon Emilio Rodriguez Chacin (former minister of defense and interior) comes from the computer of Raul Reyes, the FARC's deputy commander killed in Ecuador by Colombian forces on March 1.

  The Reyes documents (which I have analyzed in this NEFA Foundation paper clearly outline the role of the three in protecting the FARC, meeting regularly with FARC leadership and discussing weapons shipments with the rebels.  The FARC moves its some 250 kilos of cocaine, largely Europe-bound, through Venezuela, and internal FARC documents show that the shipments are often escorted by Venezuelan military or intelligence officials to the ports from which they are embarked, in order to insure the drugs' safe transit.

  But there is a much more worrisome backdrop to the events that are shaking Bolivia, and being exploited by Chavez.  That is the growing presence of a state sponsor of radical Islamist terror (Iran) and a state (Russia) that is increasingly willing to sell weapons indiscriminately to both Iran and its allies in Latin America.  Add this to the mix of the FARC and Venezuelan state sponsorship for the organization and it is a highly-combustible mix.  This can be documented in the presence, for the first time ever, of long-range Russian bombers in Venezuela and the invitation (already accepted) for the Russian fleet to visit Venezuela.  Chavez is exulting the "Yankee hegemony" is finished.

  It can also be seen, as Jeff Stein writes in CQ in Daniel Ortega's bid for Russian military aid and his welcoming of the Iranians.  Bolivia's president, Evo Morales, just visited Tehran.   Much of the evidence against the three designated Venezuelans:  Hugo Armando Carvajal (head of military intelligence); Henry de Jesus Rangel (director of intelligence); and Ramon Emilio Rodriguez Chacin (former minister of defense and interior) comes from the computer of Raul Reyes, the FARC's deputy commander killed in Ecuador by Colombian forces on March 1.    http://blog.douglasfarah.com/article/395/years-of-neglect-catch-up-in-latin-america.com
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2018--Transnational crime--excerpts:


groundwater...
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https://books.google.com/books?id=mKNPDwAAQBAJ&printsec=frontcover&dq=latin+america+transnational+crime&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiS4vCe7a_hAhVFsp4KHXYtBHsQ6AEIKDAA#v=onepage&q=latin%20america%20transnational%20crime&f=false   at pp.. 2, 8, 9, 17, 20, 24, 29, 35, 37, 40

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