Before 1962 in Cuba--behind the veil of doublespeak

https://www.nsa.gov/Portals/70/documents/about/cryptologic-heritage/historical-figures-publications/publications/coldwar/cuban_missile_crisis.pdf

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1-14-2016  in September 1960 communications intelligence collected by the National Security Agency along with its three Service Cryptologic Agencies – to include the Naval Security Group, provided the first indications that Soviet arms were being transported to Cuba via multiple cargo ships.   Similar        reports revealed high-level visits from a Soviet arms export chief to Havana as well as the purchase of Soviet helicopters by Cuba.

  In 1961 persistent surveillance would further confirm suspicions of a 

significant Soviet military buildup in Cuba.   In February signals intelligence 

indicated Cuban pilots were training in Czechoslovakia; in May, communications intelligence revealed Cuban air force personnel were learning Russian; in June, radars were being installed for possible use with artillery units…all the while Soviet cargo ships continued to dock in Cuban ports and unload their cargo under the cover of night.  http://cimsec.org/thirteen-days-the-naval-security-group-in-the-cuban-missile-crisis/20982

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from Fiest Hand Knowledge by

Robert Morrow, contractor for CIA, 1993:

March 1961:

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